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What is cryogenics and how does freezing bodies work?
CRYOGENICS offers the elderly and terminally ill the
chance to freeze their body in the hopes of coming back to life in the
future, but how does it work?
14-year-old asked a High Court judge to rule that her body could be preserved after her parents disagreed about her wishes.
She
wrote to the court: “I think being cryo-preserved gives me a chance to
be cured and woken up, even in hundreds of years’ time. I don’t want to
be buried underground.
“I want to live and live longer and I think that in the future they might find a cure for my cancer and wake me up.”
Mr
Justice Peter Jackson ruled that the girl’s mother, who supported her
wish to be frozen, should have the sole right to decide what happened to
her daughter’s body.
The case was the first of its kind and has been hailed as a landmark ruling for cryogenics. But how does the process work?
Cryogenic freezing is the process of preserving a dead body with liquid nitrogen.
Advocates
believe that scientists will one day work out how to warm the bodies up
and bring them back to life, by which time doctors might be able to
cure cancer and other diseases which are untreatable today.
Currently, cryogenic freezing can only happen once someone has been declared legally dead. WHAT HAPPENS AFTER YOU DIE?
GETTY
Cryogenics is the process of freezing a body
How does cryogenic freezing work?
Freezing needs to begin as soon as possible after the patient dies to prevent damage to the brain.
First,
the body is cooled in an ice bath to gradually reduce its temperature.
In some cases CPR will also be administered to prevent brain cells from
dying.
Doctors will then drain the body of all blood and replace
it with an anti-freeze fluid designed to stop harmful ice crystals
forming.
The body is then packed in ice and transferred to a facility in the US or Russia.
CRYONICS INSTITUTE
The British schoolgirl has been preserved at the Cryonics InstituteOn arrival it is put into an arctic sleeping bag and cooled by nitrogen gas to -110C over several hours.
During the next two weeks, the body is slowly frozen until it is at a temperature of -196C.
It
is then suspended in liquid nitrogen and transferred into a “patient
care bay”, where it will remain indefinitely until science advances.
Cryogenics facilities also offer the option of neurocryopreservation – where the head is removed and frozen without the body.
Scientists theorise that in the future a new body could be cloned or regenerated for the head to be attached to.
Inside the Large Hadron Collider
Tue, October 20, 2015
Pictures of The Large Hadron Collider which is the worlds most powerful particle accelerator held in Geneva, Switzerland.
The Large Hadron Collider CMS detecter held in Geneva, Switzerland
Does cryogenic freezing work? Has it been done?
Those who sign up for cry-preservation do so hoping that science will one day bring them back to life.
Currently, doctors do not have the knowledge required to reanimate a frozen corpse.
The
Cryonics Institute says that dogs and monkeys have been revived after
having their blood replaced with anti-freeze and cooled to below 0C, but
not to full cryonic temperatures.
Nematode worms have been
preserved at the full -196C and revived, and in 2005 a rabbit kidney was
frozen at -135C and successfully transplanted to an animal.
It is common for human embryos to be frozen for use in IVF procedures.
GETTY
Human embryos are already stored using cryo-preservation
How much does cryogenic freezing cost?
The schoolgirl’s family paid around £37,000 for her body to be preserved, said Mr Justice Jackson.
The minimum fee for the Cryonics Institute in the US is $28,000 (£22,5000) plus a one-off membership fee of $1,250.
Where can it be done?
There
are only three organisations in the world that offer cryogenic
freezing: the Cryonics Institute in Michigan, US – where the schoolgirl
is now preserved, Alcor in Arizona, US and KrioRus in Russia.